Integrasi Big Data dan IoT untuk Mendukung Smart Government:
Sebuah Systematic Literature Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33701/jtkp.v8i1.6367Keywords:
Big Data, Internet of Things, Smart Government, Smart City, SPBE.Abstract
Transformasi digital mendorong pemerintah memanfaatkan teknologi berbasis data untuk meningkatkan kualitas tata kelola dan layanan publik. Big Data dan IoT merupakan dua teknologi yang saling melengkapi dalam mendukung Smart Government, terutama melalui pengumpulan, pengolahan, dan pemanfaatan data. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis integrasi Big Data dan IoT dalam mendukung Smart Government, mencakup pemanfaatan, tantangan, faktor keberhasilan, serta relevansinya terhadap pemerintahan digital Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan protokol PRISMA 2020 terhadap artikel jurnal peer-reviewed terindeks minimal SINTA 4 atau Scopus pada periode 2019-2025. Dari 312 rekam artikel yang diperoleh pada tahap identifikasi, proses seleksi menghasilkan 20 artikel yang memenuhi seluruh kriteria inklusi sebagai korpus analisis akhir. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa integrasi Big Data dan IoT didukung oleh fungsi yang saling melengkapi, yaitu IoT menghasilkan data real-time, sedangkan Big Data mengolah dan menganalisis data tersebut menjadi informasi untuk mendukung pengambilan keputusan. Tema manfaat yang paling dominan adalah peningkatan efisiensi operasional layanan publik (80%) dan pengambilan keputusan berbasis data (75%), sedangkan tantangan utama meliputi keterbatasan infrastruktur digital (70%), interoperabilitas antar-sistem/instansi (65%), serta keamanan data dan privasi (60%). Keberhasilan implementasi dipengaruhi oleh komitmen kepemimpinan dan kesiapan organisasi, dukungan regulasi dan tata kelola data, kolaborasi dengan pemangku kepentingan, serta kapasitas digital aparatur. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa integrasi Big Data dan IoT berpotensi memperkuat Smart Government, tetapi implementasinya memerlukan kesiapan teknologi dan kelembagaan yang memadai.
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