Digital Learning and Its Implications  for the Career Development of Civil Servants

Leni Rohida; Masrully

doi:10.33701/jmsda.v14i1.6222

Authors

Leni Rohida Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2842-4876
Masrully Lembaga Administrasi Negara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33701/jmsda.v14i1.6222

Keywords:

Career Development, Civil Servants Competency, Digital Bureaucratic Reform, Digital Learning, Talent Management

Abstract

Digital transformation has reshaped the competency development paradigm for Indonesian civil servants (ASN) by positioning digital learning as a strategic instrument of public human resource management. This study aimed to analyze the role of digital learning in civil servants competency transformation and its implications for career development within Indonesia’s digital bureaucratic reform. The study employed a descriptive qualitative approach through a systematic literature review and qualitative content analysis of scholarly publications, regulations, policy reports, and official documents related to civil servants competency development. The findings showed that digital learning expanded access to training, accelerated the renewal of technical competencies and digital literacy, and supported lifelong learning through learning management systems, webinars, online training platforms, and learning analytics. The key qualitative finding indicated that digital learning had not been optimally integrated into career development policies, particularly in linking digital training outcomes with performance appraisal system, talent management, career pathways, and merit-based promotion and rotation decisions. The dominant barriers included an organizational culture still oriented toward face-to-face formal training, intergenerational digital literacy gaps, uneven infrastructure, and resistance to change. This study concludes that digital learning needs to be systematically embedded in civil servant management through stronger regulation, infrastructure, digital literacy, and a sustainable learning culture.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Armstrong, M., & Taylor, S. (2020). Armstrong’s Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (13th ed.). Kogan Page. https://e-uczelnia.uek.krakow.pl/pluginfile.php/604792/mod_folder/content/0/Armstrongs Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice_1.pdf

Bank, W. (2021). Data for Better Lives. In World Bank. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/248201616598597113/pdf/World-Development-Report-2021-Data-for-Better-Lives.pdf

Becker, B. E., & Huselid, M. A. (2006). Strategic Human Resources Management: Where Do We Go From Here? Journal of Management, 32(6), 898–925. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206306293668

Bowen, G. A. (2009). Document Analysis as a Qualitative Research Method. Qualitative Research Journal, 9(2), 27–40. https://doi.org/10.3316/QRJ0902027

Clark, R. E., & Mayer, R. E. (2016). E-Learning and the Science of Instruction: Proven Guidelines for Consumers and Designers of Multimedia Learning (R. C. Clark & R. E. Mayer (eds.); 4th ed.). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119239086

Elo, S., & Kyngäs, H. (2008). The qualitative content analysis process. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 62(1), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04569.x

Garavan, T. N., Carbery, R., & Rock, A. (2012). Mapping talent development: definition, scope and architecture. European Journal of Training and Development, 36(1), 5–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090591211192601

Garrison, D. R. (2017). E-Learning in the 21st Century A Community of Inquiry Framework for Research and Practice (3rd ed.). Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/E-Learning-in-the-21st-Century-A-Community-of-Inquiry-Framework-for-Research-and-Practice/Garrison/p/book/9781138953567

Hrastinski, S. (2019). What Do We Mean by Blended Learning? TechTrends, 63(5), 564–569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-019-00375-5

Hsieh, H.-F., & Shannon, S. E. (2005). Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732305276687

Knowles, M. S., Holton III, E. F., & Swanson, R. A. (2014). The Adult Learner (8th ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315816951

kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail. Harvard Business Review, 1. https://hbr.org/1995/05/leading-change-why-transformation-efforts-fail-2

Means, B., Toyama, Y., Murphy, R., & Baki, M. (2013). The Effectiveness of Online and Blended Learning: A Meta-Analysis of the Empirical Literature. Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education, 115(3), 1–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811311500307

Ng, W. (2012). Can we teach digital natives digital literacy? Computers & Education, 59(3), 1065–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.04.016

Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2019). Human Resource Management: Gaining a Competitive Advantage (11th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education. https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=3186200

OECD. (2020a). The OECD digital government policy framework (OECD Public Governance Policy Papers, Vol. 02). https://doi.org/10.1787/f64fed2a-en

OECD. (2020b). The OECD Digital Government Policy Framework SIX DIMENSIONS OF A DIGITAL GOVERNMENT. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1787/f64fed2a-en

OECD. (2021). The OECD Framework for digital talent and skills in the public sector (OECD Working Papers on Public Governance, Vol. 45). https://doi.org/10.1787/4e7c3f58-en

OECD. (2023). Public Employment and Management 2023: Towards a More Flexible Public Service. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/5b378e11-en

Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., Shamseer, L., Tetzlaff, J. M., Akl, E. A., Brennan, S. E., Chou, R., Glanville, J., Grimshaw, J. M., Hróbjartsson, A., Lalu, M. M., Li, T., Loder, E. W., Mayo-Wilson, E., McDonald, S., … Moher, D. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71

Peraturan Lembaga Administrasi Negara Nomor 6 Tahun 2023 Tentang Sistem Pembelajaran Pengembangan Kompetensi Secara Terintegrasi (Corporate University), Pub. L. No. 6, 1 (2023). https://jdih.bmkg.go.id/dokumen/detail/4616

Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara Dan Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 Tentang Manajemen Talenta Aparatur Sipil Negara, Pub. L. No. 3, 23 (2020). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/143662/permen-pan-rb-no-3-tahun-2020

Peraturan Menteri Pendayagunaan Aparatur Negara Dan Reformasi Birokrasi Nomor 6 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pengelolaan Kinerja Pegawai Aparatur Sipil Negara, Pub. L. No. 30, 240 (2022). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/202232/permen-pan-rb-

Salas, E., Tannenbaum, S. I., Kraiger, K., & Smith-Jentsch, K. A. (2012). The Science of Training and Development in Organizations. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 13(2), 74–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1529100612436661

Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational Culture and Leadership (4th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.co.id/books/about/Organizational_Culture_and_Leadership.html?hl=id&id=Mnres2PlFLMC&redir_esc=y

Senge, P. M. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art & Practice of The Learning Organization. Doubleday/Currency. https://books.google.co.id/books/about/The_Fifth_Discipline.html?hl=id&id=JE6aEMVIaOIC&redir_esc=y

Snyder, H. (2019). Literature review as a research methodology: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 104, 333–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.07.039

Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2023 Tentang Aparatur Sipil Negara, 1 (2023). https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/269470/uu-no-20-tahun-2023

van Laar, E., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & de Haan, J. (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 577–588. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.010

Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. The Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003