LITERATURE REVIEW: EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PROGRAM PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERBASIS 3R DI INDONESIA

Abstrak

The complexity of the waste problem in Indonesia continues to escalate, with waste production reaching 68 million tons annually. Meanwhile, the target of a 30% reduction and 70% management as set by Presidential Regulation 97/2017 has not been optimally achieved. This study aims to evaluate the 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) waste management policy using William N. Dunn's policy evaluation framework, which includes six parameters: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, distribution equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. A literature review method was employed to analyze various empirical studies from several regions in Indonesia and compare them with international waste management practices. The evaluation results indicate that the implementation of the 3R program has not been optimal, with an average waste reduction achievement of only 13.67% to 20.13% each year. Key obstacles identified include low public awareness, limited infrastructure and funding, weak inter-agency coordination, and a lack of sustainable outreach efforts. Although some areas, such as Bindu Traditional Village and Sukabumi City, have demonstrated significant success with a reduction rate of 36%, the implementation gap between regions remains substantial. Recommendations include strengthening institutions, enhancing sustainable environmental education, improving operational financing schemes, intensifying outreach activities, and bolstering cross-sector coordination to achieve national sustainable waste management targets.