DEVELOPMENT OF AN ADAPTIVE DIGITAL ECOSYSTEM MODEL TOWARDS A SUSTAINABLE SMART CITY IN BANYUWANGI REGENCY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33701/jiwbp.v16i1.5761Keywords:
Digital Ecosystem, Digital Infrastructure, Stakeholder Collaboration, Digital Literacy, Adaptive Regulation, Smart CityAbstract
This research is conducted to create an adaptive and sustainable Smart City ecosystem model for Banyuwangi Regency in response to challenges of digitalization and sustainable development in the region. The study emphasizes three pillars: building digital infrastructure, improving stakeholder cooperation, and formulating regulations conducive to technological innovation. Employing an exploratory qualitative method, the research was conducted through 18 in-depth interviews, direct observation, document analysis, and FGDs with diverse stakeholders. The collected data were analyzed using a paradigmatic model to construct a "Smart Sustainable City Ecosystem" tailored to Banyuwangi's characteristics and challenges. This study yields a digital ecosystem model incorporating policies to advance digital infrastructure, community digital literacy, and the regulation of technological innovation, adaptable across contexts. This development model would enable the continuity of Smart City development in Banyuwangi through an all-encompassing, adaptive strategy for environmental change. This study is only focused on the Banyuwangi area, and the data are collected from several stakeholders. It is suggested that future research, using multiple longitudinal studies, assess the model's effectiveness.
Keywords: smart city, digital ecosystem, digital infrastructure, digital literacy, adaptive regulation.
Downloads
References
Arfiansyah, D., & Han, H. (2021). Bandung smart city: The digital revolution for a sustainable future. In J. C. Augusto (Ed.), Handbook of smart cities. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15145-4_92-1
Bayraktar, H., Bayar, D. Y., & Bilgin, G. (2021). Making cities interoperable in Turkey. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLVI-4/W5-2021, 91–96. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLVI-4-W5-2021-91-2021
Bokolo Anthony Jnr. (2021). Managing digital transformation of smart cities through enterprise architecture – A review and research agenda. Enterprise Information Systems, 15(3), 299–331. https://doi.org/10.1080/17517575.2020.1812006
Carayannis, E. G., Barth, T. D., & Campbell, D. F. (2012). The quintuple helix innovation model: Addressing global warming as both a challenge and a driver for innovation. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-5372-1-2
Carayannis, E. G., & Campbell, D. F. J. (2019). Smart quintuple helix innovation systems: How social ecology and environmental protection are driving innovation, sustainable development, and economic growth. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01517-6
Carayannis, E. G., Campbell, D. F. J., & Grigoroudis, E. (2021). Helix trilogy: The triple, quadruple, and quintuple innovation helices from a theory, policy, and practice perspective. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13, 2272–2301. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-021-00813-x
Chotary, V., & Stroker, G. (2009). Governance theory and practice: A cross-disciplinary approach. Palgrave Macmillan.
Creswell, J. W. (2015). Research design: Pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan mixed. Pustaka Pelajar.
Emerson, K., & Nabatchi, T. (2015). Collaborative governance regimes. Georgetown University Press.
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (1997). Universities and the global knowledge economy: The triple helix of university–industry–government relations. SSRN.
Etzkowitz, H., & Leydesdorff, L. (2000). The dynamics of innovation: From national systems and “Mode 2” to a triple helix of university–industry–government relations. Research Policy, 29(2), 109–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-7333(99)00055-4
Gorelova, I., Dmitrieva, D., Dedova, M., & Savastano, M. (2021). Antecedents and consequences of digital entrepreneurial ecosystems in the smart city development process. Administrative Sciences, 11(3), 94. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11030094
Goryainova, L. V. (2020). Smart city ecosystem: Elements of concept, coordination challenges, and funding mechanisms in Russia. Revista Turismo Estudos e Práticas (RTEP/UERN), 2020(4), 1–15. https://geplat.com/rtep/index.php/tourism/article/view/753
Helms, M. M., & Nixon, J. (2010). Exploring SWOT analysis – Where are we now? A review of academic research from the last decade. Journal of Strategy and Management, 3(3), 215–251. https://doi.org/10.1108/17554251011064837
Horshkov, M. A., & Lozovskyi, O. M. (2021). Trends in the introduction of smart city technologies in urban community development strategy. Innovative Economy, 2021(5–6), 87–91. https://doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2021.5-6.12
Huertas, J. I., Mahlknecht, J., Lozoya-Santos, J. de J., Uribe, S., López-Guajardo, E. A., & Ramirez-Mendoza, R. A. (2021). Campus city project: Challenge living lab for smart cities. Applied Sciences, 11(23), 11085. https://doi.org/10.3390/app112311085
Jang, S., & Gim, T.-H. T. (2022). Considerations for Encouraging Citizen Participation by Information-Disadvantaged Groups in Smart Cities. Sustainable Cities and Society, 76, 103437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103437
Jo, S., & Lee, S. (2022). Development and application of smart SPIN model: Measuring the spectrum, penetration, impact, and network of smart city industries in South Korea. Buildings, 12(7), 973. https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12070973
Kiliç, A. S. (2022). Smart city as an ecosystem of innovation and entrepreneurship: What open innovation means for cities. İzmir Democracy University Social Sciences Journal, 5(1), 79–95.
Kociuba, D., Sagan, M., & Kociuba, W. (2023). Toward the smart city ecosystem model. Energies, 16(6), 2795. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16062795
Kollarova, M., Granak, T., Strelcova, S., & Ristvej, J. (2023). Conceptual model of key aspects of security and privacy protection in a smart city in Slovakia. Sustainability, 15(8), 6926. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15086926
Moreira, L. F., & Macke, J. (2023). Proposal of a conceptual framework based on the triple helix of innovation for smart cities: A study in southern Brazil.
Mudjiyanto, B. (2018). Tipe penelitian eksploratif komunikasi. Jurnal Studi Komunikasi dan Media, 22(1), 65–78. https://doi.org/10.31445/jskm.2018.220105
Mukhametov, D. (2019). Smart city: From the metaphor of urban development to innovative city management. TEM Journal, 8(4), 1247–1251. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM84-20
Phadermrod, B., Crowder, R. M., & Wills, G. B. (2019). Importance-performance analysis based on SWOT analysis. International Journal of Information Management, 44, 194–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2016.03.009
Rotuna, C., Gheorghita, A., Zamfiroiu, A., & Smada, D.-M. (2019). Smart city ecosystem using blockchain technology. Informatică Economică, 23(4), 41–50. https://doi.org/10.12948/issn14531305/23.4.2019.04
Santoso, A. S., An, C. M., & Juwono, R. (2022). Jababeka smart township super-app case-study: Hackathon as a mechanism for open innovation. JIE Scientific Journal on Research and Application of Industrial System, 7(2), 101–109.
Sari, A. M. P. (2022). Digital literacy and smart city development: A literature review. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi, 17(2), 179–192.
Scuotto, V., Ferraris, A., & Bresciani, S. (2016). Internet of things: Applications and challenges in smart cities: A case study of IBM smart city projects. Business Process Management Journal, 22(2), 357–367. https://doi.org/10.1108/bpmj-05-2015-0074
Sharifi, A., Allam, Z., Feizizadeh, B., & Ghamari, H. (2021). Three decades of research on smart cities: Mapping knowledge structure and trends. Sustainability, 13(13), 7140. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137140
Shilpi, S., & Ahad, M. (2020). Blockchain technology and smart cities: A review. EAI Endorsed Transactions on Smart Cities, 4(10). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.13-7-2018.163846
Shvetsova, O., Bialevich, A., Kim, J., & Voronina, M. (2022). Behavioral model deployment for the transportation projects within a smart city ecosystem: Cases of Germany and South Korea. Processes, 11(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11010048
Smith, J., & Firth, J. (2011). Qualitative data analysis: The framework approach. Nurse Researcher, 18(2), 52–62.
Suharto, R. A. (2021). The role of government in building smart cities: A case study of Banyuwangi, Indonesia. International Journal of Public Administration and Management, 3(2), 123–132.
Svitek, M., & Kozhevnikov, S. (2023). Smart city 5.0 as digital ecosystem of smart services: Basic concept. In M. D. Lytras, A. A. Housawi, & B. S. Alsaywid (Eds.), Smart cities and digital transformation: Empowering communities, limitless innovation, sustainable development and the next generation (pp. 35–57). Emerald Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80455-994-920231003
Tura, N., & Ojanen, V. (2022). Sustainability-oriented innovations in smart cities: A systematic review and emerging themes. Cities, 126, 103716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2022.103716
Wahyuddin, Y., & Wibowo, M. (2021). The socio-technical governance of smart city to scaffold city energy transition policy. Civil Engineering and Architecture, 9(5), 1409–1420. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03311415
Widiyastuti, I., Nupikso, D., Putra, N. A., & Intannya, V. A. (2021). Smart sustainable city framework: Usulan model kota cerdas yang berkelanjutan dan integratif. Jurnal PIKOM (Penelitian Komunikasi dan Pembangunan), 22(1), 13–30. https://doi.org/10.31346/jpikom.v22i1.3297
Widodo, B., & Rahman, A. (2021). Analysis of the smart tourism model in South Tangerang City. Journal of Industrial Tourism, 4(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.36441/Pariwisata.V4i1
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Bhakti Praja

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- The right of publication of all material information contained in this journal site is held by the editorial board / editor with the knowledge of the author. Journal Manager will uphold the moral rights of the author.
- The formal legal aspect of access to any information and articles contained in this journal site refers to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 (CC BY-SA) license, which means that This license lets others remix, adapt, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. This license is often compared to “copyleft” free and open source software licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so any derivatives will also allow commercial use.
- Each Ilmiah Wahana Bhakti Praja journal, both printed and electronic, is open access for educational, research and library purposes. Beyond this purpose, publishers or journal managers are not responsible for copyright infringement committed by readers or users.



