Analisis Bibliometrik Tren Riset Brain drain dalam Perspektif Kependudukan: Tantangan dan Implikasinya bagi Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33701/jurnalregistratie.v8i1.6576Keywords:
Bonus Demograsi, Brain Drain, Kebijakan Kependudukan, Modal ManusiaAbstract
Fenomena brain drain ini menjadi tantangan kependudukan global khususnya bagi negara berkembang seperti Indonesia yang tengah menghadapi bonus demografi. Diperlukan pemetaan literatur yang komprehensif untuk memetakan posisi riset secara global. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi tren penelitian terkait brain drain dalam perspektif kependudukan, memetakan klasterisasi isu utama, dan menganalisis tantangan dan implikasinya bagi Pemerintah Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan bibliometric dengan sumber database akademik Scopus, diperoleh sejumlah 290 dokumen publikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dominasi riset diduduki oleh Amerika Serikat (65 dokumen) sementara Indonesia masih absen dalam peta kontributor utama, dan hal tersebut mengindikasikan adanya celah riset (knowledge gap). Analisis overlay menunjukkan pergeseran tren riset mutakhir pada tahun 2020-an ke atas yang kini berfokus pada pasar kerja global, populasi muda, dan strategi migrasi Kembali. Analisis density menyatakan bahwa penelitian brain drain spesifik di Asia Tenggara dan kebijakan kependudukan masih sangat jarang dieksplorasi. Kesimpulannya, Indonesia menghadapi tantangan structural berupa risiko kehilangan generasi muda produktif di era bonus demografi. Implikasinya diperlukan penguatan tata kelola sirkulasi talenta (brain circulation) melalui reformasi iklim riset, kepastian karier, dan penguatan meritokrasi yang transparan.
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