ASSESSMENT OF VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES AND INNOVATION STRATEGIES USING SWOT ANALYSIS (A STUDY CASE: PASAWAHAN VILLAGE PURWAKARTA REGENCY, WEST JAVA)

: Village development planning is important to achieve the set goals, but the development of Pasawahan Village so far has not been based on spatial use, so it is unable to answer problems and explore existing local potential. This research aims to study development priorities in spatial planning and village innovation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a SWOT analysis. The research results for priority activities in the development sector include the provision of village health post (poskesdes), a reading garden, and village infrastructure, and the priority in the development empowerment sector is training on appropriate technology for agricultural production, waste processing sites – reduce, reuse, recycle (TPS3R), and village-owned enterprises (BUMDes). Meanwhile, the village innovation strategy is to implement an agrotourism village program.


I. Introduction
Development in every field, with an emphasis on economic expansion, has succeeded in lowering the rate of poverty in Indonesia.However, it also unknowingly creates gaps in multiple fields across regions, urban and rural areas, as well as border areas.Meanwhile, more investment and resources are absorbed in urban areas.Therefore, in an attempt to end poverty and lessen regional inequities, the development of villages and rural areas is a crucial component of regional development (Soleh, 2017).
Data of Village Development Index (Indeks Desa Membangun-IDM) in 2023 from The Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration (Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi-Kemendesa PDTT) stated that 8.95% of villages were remained underdeveloped and 5.79% of them were extremely underdeveloped.This year data shows improvement compared to data from 2019, in which 25.61% of villages were underdeveloped and 5.14% were extremely underdeveloped (https://idm.kemendesa.go.id/).
The factors that cause village underdevelopment include a low level of community welfare, a lack of infrastructure, few economic/job possibilities outside of agriculture, and development outcomes that do not directly assist poor people in the village.This village's underdevelopment is ironic because it has the potential for immense wealth, including natural resources, human resources, and socio-cultural resources, to develop.(Andi, 2019).
As part of an attempt to increase the welfare of village communities and village independence, as well as to address the problem of development gaps that have arisen thus far, the government has made a policy of presenting a legal instrument in the form of Law number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages (Setyobakti, 2017), that according to the 2023 Development Village Index data, is quite successful in reducing the number of highly underdeveloped villages by 11.23% when compared to the 2019 index (https://idm.kemendesa.go.id/).In this manner, villages have the opportunity to become major players in national development rather than just minor players in democracy.(Henriyani, 2018).
The village government, being the lowest level of administration and having direct contact with the community, plays a vital role in planning village development and ensuring that it proceeds according to the plan.In accordance with Law number 25 of 2004 concerning the national development planning system, it states that Planning is the process of identifying optimal future actions through a number of choices while taking available resources into account.If village development planning comes from the bottom (bottom up planning), then the village government which synergizes with the community as development actors will have a high sense of ownership and become a force for advancing the village, in which efforts to empower the community can be conducted by utilizing the local potential of the village itself (Endah, 2020).
To determine development priorities and innovation strategies in preparing village development plans, extensive research and engagement from all segments of society are required.However, Many village developments are not yet based on village spatial plans, hence they are inefficient and lack synergy with the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah Daerah-RPJMD) (Rohiani, 2021).The present study attempts to carry out this research by using Pasawahan Village in Purwakarta Regency, West Java Province.The village's development strategy is currently not focused on space utilization, which makes it difficult to address issues and explore potential that already exists in the area.
Meanwhile, the goals of this study include: 1) To formulate priority action plans for village development and village community empowerment in Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta Regency; 2) to investigate strategies for creating an innovative village in Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta Regency.

The Concept of Village
Villages have an important role in national development.The word "village" is derived from the Indian word "swadesi," which means a place of origin, place of abode, or ancestral territory with distinct boundaries and a unified way of life.(Gai et al., 2020).However, in Law No. 6 of 2014, it is stated that a village is a territorially bound legal community unit with the authority to regulate government affairs, the interests of local communities based on community rights and initiatives, rights of origin, and/or traditional rights that are respected in the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia's government system.(Undang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 6 Tahun 2014, 2014).
According to this definition, villages are no longer objects, but rather subjects of development because they have the right to manage their own governance.Villages, as representatives of the state, are also required to carry out development to improve the welfare of their communities, including both physical and human resources development.(Setyobakti, 2017).This law also allows villages to carry out village development using a new paradigm; however, efforts are required to ensure that communities have their own capabilities in developing their villages (Purbantara & Mujianto, 2019).In Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 114 of 2014, it is also stated that the village government creates village development plans in compliance with its jurisdiction by referring to district/city development planning, in which the planning is managed on a future basis, namely: 1) Village, Medium-term Development Plan (Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah-RPJM), around 6 years; 2) Village, Government Work Plan (Rencana Kerja Pemerintah-RKP), around 1 year.In terms of land use planning, which is also a necessary part of the village development planning process, it is a dialogue process including all relevant parties in order to effectively actualize sustainable land use in rural areas, from the planning stage to the monitoring phase of implementation.(Sutaryono, Rakhmat Riyadi, 2020).

The Planning and Development of Villages
Various studies, particularly in the fields of village government administration, development implementation, community development, and community empowerment, are required in order to prepare the village development plans contained in this RPJM well and in accordance with local potential and community expectations.Meanwhile, the action priority plan can be decided upon by discussion, which first requires a number of studies.

The Innovation of Villages
The launching of Village Innovation Program (Program Inovasi Desa-PID) by Ministry of Village, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration of Republic of Indonesia (Kementerian Desa PDTT) aims to encourage village governments to to be more creative and innovative in using their capacities to promote development and lessen poverty in communities.(Henriyani, 2018).With this program, village governments must be able to innovate in solving problems, expanding their villages' potential, and speeding the welfare of community.
In Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language (Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia-KBBI), The term innovation refers to the introduction of new things; a renewal or fresh discovery that differs from existing or previously recognized ones (ideas, methods, or tools).
Meanwhile, an Innovative Village is one whose citizens are capable of recognizing, overcoming, and utilizing technology or new methods to overcome challenges and achieve their goals through the use of local technology on their own.(Rahadi, 2016).The Village Innovation Program is an initiative to establish villages, with targets including the development of the local economy and entrepreneurship, the improvement of human resource quality, and the completion of rural infrastructure.

III. Research Methodologies
This research employed a qualitative descriptive method with SWOT analysis.
Descriptive research is a method used to describe and interpret a phenomenon by applying scientific procedures to actual situations in order to examine them and develop conclusions.
The purpose of SWOT Analysis is to maximize current strengths and opportunities while minimizing threats and challenges.(Faqih & Prawoto, 2021).
Use the steps below to create a village plan: 1. Assess the village situation, including historical flow and village data, village form, as well as potential and existing problems; 2. Look at the Table 1 presenting a qualitative SWOT analysis and produces a community spatial design.The chosen strategy is centered on utilizing all strengths in order to seize and exploit as many opportunities as possible.

WO Strategy:
The chosen strategy is based on capitalizing on existing opportunities while minimizing existing weaknesses.

(T) Threats
ST Strategy: The chosen strategy is determined by the organization's strengths in dealing with threats.

WT Strategy:
The chosen strategy is based on defensive measures and aims to reduce existing weaknesses while avoiding threats.

The Description of Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta
Pasawahan Village is located in Purwakarta District, Purwakarta Regency west Java Province (Figure 1), with an area of 9.6 km 2 and has 4 and 24 RT.The land typology is plains with agricultural and plantation characteristics.In 2022, the population is 1759, with a population density of 0.18 persons per km 2 .Source: Google Earth.2022 Purwakarta Regency, there appears to be a trend in land use growth that forms a "octopus/star" pattern with the main transportation route that supports it, Raya Purwakarta-Wanayasa, which runs through Pasawahan Village.The role of road access is very dominant in forming this octopus/star pattern.
To the south, residential development follows the major road, with service facilities and commercial buildings along the roadside and residential developments behind it.Existing and dispersed houses and settlements are currently forming concentrated patterns (clustered).In 2012, formal housing began to take shape with the conversion of rice fields into formal resident areas.Land use changed as a result of the alteration of homes and settlements in the Pasawahan Village region as a consequence of changes in community activities or interests.Changes in land use are a regular occurrence in the development and growth of cities.

The Spatial Planning of Villages
To ensure that land usage in the village is consistent with its intended function, village spatial planning is required.Village capabilities that can be generated are only potential if they are not used to benefit the community (Endah, 2020).Therefore, spatial planning of rural areas can be directed to: 1. Determine the direction of development; 2. Analyze potential and problem including socioeconomic analysis, regional spatial structure analysis, and space usage pattern analysis.; 3. Identify and sequence the village development programs.The village government creates the RPJM for village development planning by incorporating many components of society in the process, which takes into account the objective conditions of the village and refers to district development planning.An analysis of current potentials and problems (Table 2) is required as a foundation for designing the program that will be executed in the village later.Local potential needs to be developed in order to overcome existing problems.list for the community empowerment field, there are 3 sub-field, each of which has its own action program.Figure 4 illustrates this Priority Program Map to aid with comprehension and memorization.
Source: Author's Analysis, 2022 In the area of village development and community empowerment, there are a number of programs that are on the priority list of action programs.The community empowerment process will be more successful if it receives support from numerous institutions (Mulyana et al., 2022).
Subsequently, a Village Spatial Plan is created on the map to accommodate the different priority projects that are desired (Figure 5).A SWOT analysis is conducted based on the potential and issues listed in Table 2, including the community's welfare and quality of life, the incompleteness of the infrastructure, and the lack of water during the dry season, which causes crop yields to decline or even fail.Hopefully, this analysis will help to improve and more appropriately design the village innovation program strategy.The following is the plan developed for implementing the Village Innovation Program in Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta Regency, based on the SWOT method strategy formulation (Table 4):

The SO Strategy Formulation a) Organic waste management through maggots farming
The aim of waste processing is to reduce waste, but what is now being pursued is to create economic value or what is called a circular economy.Maggot farming is a form of circular economy by utilizing organic waste.The end product of using maggots to decompose organic waste is young maggots, which can be utilized for a variety of purposes, including converting soil granules into fertilizer for plants that need it and feeding small fish.Additionally, these outcomes may contribute to the betterment of the village and community.

b) The formation and Development of Tourism Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis)
establishment of a Tourism Awareness Group as a self-help organization with the goal of promoting and fostering the growth of tourism in rural areas.In this case, the Purwakarta Regency's Department of Youth, Sports, Tourism, and Culture is the department, responsible for providing guidance regarding tourism.

The formulation of WO Strategy a) Guidance, technical instruction, and funding for the operation of agricultural producing businesses
As technology advances to identify agricultural business prospects and concepts, the agricultural industry will never go out of business.There is a need to strengthen the institutional framework through sustained management and the development of the agricultural education system.In addition, agricultural financing through BUMDEs or Special Financial Institutions is being developed.

b) Introduction to the concept of Permaculture for the development of agrotourism villages
Permaculture is a science that investigates the collaboration of ecological and landscape design created by self-sustaining agricultural systems.Permaculture may improve landscape aesthetics and promote food security, which can raise visitor interest.Another advantage of permaculture is that it can be applied in limited areas and avoids negative impacts on the environment.

The formulation of ST Strategy a) Land control and disaster mitigation
Efforts to control land are carried out through land use in accordance with the directions of the Neighborhood Unit (Rukun Tetangga-RT) and RW by improving the regulatory system regarding permit suitability, spatial planning suitability, rules and technical standards with the Department of Public Works and Spatial Planning as the Regional Working Unit (Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah-SKPD) that guides it.Furthermore, there is a need to strengthen community-based disaster risk reduction capabilities.The fundamental realization is that all parties must form partnerships and work together to achieve community resilience while paying attention to the elements of environmental degradation and climate change.2018).Therefore, the purpose of village development is to encourage innovation to raise community welfare and quality of life while reducing poverty.(Kartiwi et al., 2022).
Meanwhile, Implementing an agrotourism village program is the intended village innovation at the research location, Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta.Through the utilization of the potential of already-existing natural tourist attractions, with the assistance of cultural potential and locally produced goods, it is desired that this program can help solve the issue of poverty.(Santoso, 2022).After the analysis is completed, a formulation is created, which is a process that includes coming up with a concept, outlining the course of development, outlining the prerequisites for achieving development objectives, and outlining the advantages of organizing a program for village innovation.Here are the results: 1. Core Goals: Pasawahan agrotourism village.The main goal of the planning process, this objective explains the primary orientation of a plan as a result of its circumstances, features, policies, potential, and problems.A prioritized list of action plans can be developed based on the findings of identifying potentials and problems with Pasawahan Village, as well as various inspections of current village maps (in this case, the focus of the research is Village Development and Community Empowerment) that follows with spatial planning.The SWOT analysis is then carried out, taking into account numerous existing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges, in order for the various actions that will be implemented to better meet community expectations.
The Village Innovation Program was chosen as a priority in this case as a result of the preceding research on responding to challenges and difficulties by utilizing the village's potential assets.Thus, in this step of the RPJMD policy formulation process, it is necessary to conduct a spatial study of the village, such as studying changes in village morphology in a time series over the previous few years before conducting a SWOT analysis.As a result of more thorough analysis, the RPJMD's development of diverse projects becomes more developed.

V. Conclusion
Based on the results of the analysis of the list of village development priorities and the assessment of village innovation strategies using the SWOT analysis approach in Pasawahan Village, Purwakarta Regency, the following conclusions can be drawn: It is desired that multi-sector collaboration initiatives will make village governments more responsive and inspired to implement numerous innovations that improve the welfare of their community.Innovation involves not only building more infrastructure but also utilizing human resources to the fullest potential possible, since it will improve the village economy.
Minister of Home Affairs Regulation (Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri-Permendagri) No. 114 Year 2014 concerning village development Guidelines stated that village development planning is a process of action stages carried out by the village government in a participatory way involving the Village Council (Badan Permusyawaratan Desa-BPD) and community elements with the goal to utilize and distribute village resources in order to achieve village development goals.The purpose of developing villages and rural areas is to increase the welfare of village communities, human life quality, and poverty reduction.(Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 114 of 2014, 2014).

Figure 4 .Figure 5 .
Figure 4. Pasawahan Village Program Priority Map, Purwakarta Regency b) Improvement of the quality of residential infrastructureRoad widening, material changes, accessory additions, and structural improvements are all necessary to increase road capacity for road indicators.A for drainage indicators, The emphasis is on enhancing drainage channel construction and refining the drainage hierarchy.For waste water indicators, it needs to apply local/centralized sanitation systems as well as repairing/assisting in the improvement of community waste water sanitation components.The formulation of WT Strategy a) Improvement of accessibility towards agricultural technologyAdequate technology is the most important factor in extending access to agricultural technologies.To enable the provision of hardware and software required by farmer organizations, the Village Government and the Food and Agriculture Service must collaborate in providing budgets.b)Rain Water HarvestingEvery residence receives training in water conservation measures, often known as rainwater harvesting, which entails gathering, collecting, and storing rainwater.Water conservation strategies require the dedication of all stakeholders to the issue of water sustainability.3Village Innovation ProgramThe Village Innovation Program is the top priority on the priority list of planned actions in the field of village development and village community empowerment.In the Decree of the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration (Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal, dan Transmigrasi-Kemendesa PDTT) Number 48 of 2018 concerning the Village Innovation Program, it is stated that Village development must be founded on the use of village innovation to create inventive, selfsufficient, and competitive villages (Decree of the Ministry of Villages, Development of Disadvantaged Regions, and Transmigration of Republic of Indonesia Number 48 of 2018,

2.
Strategic concept: a. Village Development and b.Community Empowerment.An approach related to implementing ideas, planning and execution of a plan over a period of time.3. Basic Needs: Basic needs are the elements required for a strategy concept that aims to successfully achieve the strategy being implemented.Here are the basic needs: a) Basic government policy in managing agrotourism b) Development of agricultural and livestock business c) Improving human resources 4. Improving the quality of residential and tourism supporting infrastructure 5. Expected Benefits: A concept implemented in the fields of Human Resources, Social, Economic, and Environmental will lead to the desired results or events that will bear excellent fruit in the future.

1.
Priority action plans for Village Development are as follow: a) The implementation of Village Health Post (Poskesdes) b) The procurement and management of village-owned reading gardens c) The improvement of drainage construction and the maintenance of environmental roads d) The construction of Clean Water Storage Tanks (Reservoir) and clean water connection, Communal IPAL, as well as the development of waste management facilities of Reduce-Reuse-Recycle (TPS3R) e) The arrangement of Green Open Space f) The development and arrangement of Agrotourism Villages Meanwhile, priority action plans for village community empowerment include the following: a) The training and introduction of appropriate technology for agricultural production; the development of TPS3R, the management of organic waste (Maggots Farming) b) The development of Village-owned Enterprises (BUMDes) and the Management Development Training of TPS3R c) The assistance of Farming and livestock business d) The training on agrotourism village management 2. The Village Development and Community Empowerment sectors can effectively apply the village innovation approach.The basic needs that are required parts of the strategy concept are as follow: a) Basic government policy in managing agrotourism b) Development of agricultural and livestock entrepreneurship c) Improving Human Resources d) Improving the standard of residential and tourism infrastructure